Farming and Agriculture
Food and agriculture are the largest consumers of water, requiring one hundred times more than we use for personal needs. Up to 70 % of the water we take from rivers and groundwater goes into irrigation.
For vegetative growth plants require water in adequate quantity and at the right time. Crops have very specific water requirements, and these vary depending on local climate conditions.
The water quality used for irrigation is essential for the yield and quantity of crops, maintenance of soil productivity, and protection of the environment. For example, the physical and mechanical properties of the soil, ex. soil structure (stability of aggregates) and permeability, are very sensitive to the type of exchangeable ions present in irrigation waters.
Irrigation water quality can best be determined by laboratory analysis. The most important factors to determine the suitability of water use in agriculture are found below:
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